Internal-combustion engine.



Y PTENTED MAY Z9, 1966 NGINE.

S. B. WELCOME. 'kNTBRNAL COMBUSTION E NPPLIGATION PXLED APB.. 24. 19

UNITED sTATns PATENT O FICE.

SOLON BYRON WELS()ME,v OF LOS ANGELES, CALFORNIA. ASSIGNOR T0 WESTERNIRON WORKS, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

INTEnlNALcoMsusfrloN ENGINE.

Patented may 29, 1906.

Tn mlwifmmi rrr/'ay com crn:

Be it known that Iv SQLONBYRON WEL- COME, a citizen of i the nitd States, residing at Los Angeies; in the conntyf Los Angeles combustion en ines.

A further object of the invention is to pro; duce a smoother'and more eHeient operation of'such engines A 'Another-object of the invention iis: tc'provide forcoo'ling the internal workingparts of the engine. y

The invention comprises, in connection with the cylinder and valves ofen internal'- `combustion engine, means for introducing thereinto an intimate mixture of air, fuel,

and water.,

VVVeterhes heretofore beenappied to the interior of internal-combustion engines; but

the peculiarityof the present invention eensists in the fact that. the water is applied in such manner that it is intimately mixed withV the air and oil to form a snbstentiall uni- ,form mixture constituting the charge er the Leylinder'. 4'The resuit'of this is that the Walter-Wiper vin seid. mixture retards the ex'p'o- -sion or coin ust1on thereby finateriaiiy rel'dnemg thehpek and 'lossv due thereto' extending;V 'the eom-bustion and ebn'seqllentexpansweeft over a llon er renge' of movement by the piston, there' y enabling the ietf,

ter vto Yutilize-1more. fuily 'the'f lpower due thereto, materially,- rechwmg the maximum temperature within the eyinde'rfand l'areiy increasing the amount of fuel that can sa ely be conallmedin a cylinder 'of givensize;Y

i thereby reetly increasing theoutpnt.

A furt 1er object of theV invention is'to util ize the jaeieting-water thatfis used f or cooling the eyiinder as `it'so'u'ree of supply for forming kthei` mixture above referred te,

thereby taking .advan e of the heat im parted thereto in the jae etin'gto' aid in the vaporizationof the water in' the mixture and to prevent undue chilling of" the mixture .and of the interiorof the cyl1nder,

Another object of the invention is to apply the incoming mixture ahove described to the exhaust-valve of thil engine in such manner that the latter wiil impart heat to the mix? ture, thereb .aiding in the complet-e rept rization of t e .Water and oil and revenimg overheating of such valve: i It wili3 stoodthet the exhnustfvalve is subject to" overheating by the hot exhaust and is more liable to injury than the inletvalve, 'and thisV invention provides for reducing the tempore ture of the parts so liable to injury by excessive heat.

The accompanying drawings iliustrate the invention.V

be under Figure tis a vertical section throughlthe I designates the cylinder of the internai# combustion engine, which is provided with a jacket 2, inc losing a space or passage 3 for lthe coding-water supp ied thereto bye pipe 4. The valve and mixing devices are shown enginec lzndexlanlvalve and mixing def# 2.is a horizontal section pn the as arranged in and on a 'eoket or casing .5, et:

Y transverse passage 6 eemmunicating wit carabine-d inlet end exhaust asse. e 7, extending through the wall of t e cy inder to the interior or combustion chamber thereof. Said case 5dias an interne] chamber or tubuier lpertion 8, the space 9' between the parts 5 en( 8' constituting a water-jacket chamber for the valve. The stem l0 o fthe exhaustltnelnaozi tothe sideof t e cylinder, havinga.

valve 11 slides in a vertical bearing 12 in the inner tubular member 8, said bearing bein continued dpwnwerdiy to join .the bottom o the outer or jacket eesmg5 and is extended at its low'er end beyondjsaid casing to engage with or eoperete with' any suitable velveoperatng. means (not shnwn) to open the valve.Y Y

13 designates s spring forholding the exhaust-valve closed.

The erheust-ohamber 14 within the tubn- Y lar member 8 is provided with a laterai errheus't-eutlet 15 and communicates at .its tep inte the assage 6, anch communication withaseatll .Y

Iniet-vslve 17 'controls a. passage 18, opening into the top of passage 6 above theelrhaust-vaive,` said assage extending vertiraily through a fitting 19, secured at'the top i of easing 5 and formed with an internal being centro ed by the valve 1`1,coperating chamber 20, eonstitntin a water-supply passes the oil-.suppl outlet'at 37 it draws lil 'clmniheiz At thetop-ol" itting 19 is secured therefrom, this 4oi .ein sprayed and mixed a fitting 2l ,i forir'iedvwith a ebarnber 22, oo nwith the incoming air. assing on down', t/hc 4istituting an 4oil-supply4 chamber. I The airair passes the water-outlet at 32 and draws a '5 inlet pipe 23 lealsmtorthe top of fitting 21, Spray of water therefrom. The sprayed oil 7o the air-inlet assage- 18 extendin contini1- and water ass ondownwardly along withthe. oiisly through) said pipe and the 'ttings 21 air throng i the air-inletpessage 18 and past and 19 to ythe pessagev'. Stem 24' of valre the valve 17into the passage 6. In this op i7 'werks in a uide2`5 and is acted on by a erationthe oil and water are more or less vapo spring 26 to glieli-i.- the lSaid valve closed prized, it being understood that all the parts 73 against its seat 2,s aid Y'alve being o ened iii and surrounding the inlet-passage will he bv meehanieal means, (indicated atl'? warmed by conduction from the engine. Ag duet 28 leads from the cylinder water- The passage 7 and the exhaust-valve 12 are7 t iaoket chamber Bte-the wterf'ehanibrr20, a however, kept. at a comparatively high teini valve 29 qontrollinvtiie oonneetion fronisaid perature by the exhausbgases passing the 3o duet to Said cham er 20..' A duct 30 leads Same, and the water and 'oil spray after passroin the bottom of Chamber 2Qdownwardl ing the inlet-valve` is direetcd, downwardlv into fittinglf), an'dta. .nozzle-tube 3l exten s against ald on to the exhaust-valve und ad.; l ohliquely upwardirbm ductj' 30 and opens at. jacent parte, thereby completing the vapori- 2o its upper end into air-inlet i8 aibove the inlets zationof any unvaporizerl 'oil or water. The S 5 valve.` Said noznleprefefably a Thead mixture thereby produced the oom- 32 to give a divided or double outlet,spraying bastion-chamber ol the engine in a state ol the liquid each wayfeo es tti spread the vapor substantial uniformity' throughout, heilig,

T' A valve 33 ooritrols the passage ,f/water droenrhon vapoand wutcr-vapor, end the orepray overa large part or the whole area. praetioally a 'mixed gas eoinprniingI air, hy-

)O through the duet 30. .Valves"29and 33 are eeets ol" thisgas as regards combustion,

screw-valves eoperating with-whieal seats pressure, vand heat absorption will he suhf Y in the endsol' the duets sind maybe provided", stantii'illy uniform throughout the e'omhos- With-springs 34 to hold them in act pooitionf,A 4tio'ri-eliiilnlier. 'l`hil most important ol' those .59 An m'erfloW-pipe 30' leeds from o'ha'mheii 20," `elleetaas i-.ompairi-:l with the ordinary mixo5 so that the water therein is maintainedrat ture'isithait the )resem-e ol` waiter-vapor in deliiiitr level. I thgfiiiixture tenes tio-proloogr or retard the Uil-supply pipeleads-intoelnifniliP-,r22,-l eonilnistioi'i, thi-reha'.lengthening tlnperiod 35 eliamhrr to nnijiitain tlieoil therein at dell pressure may his there-.hy soino'whiit reflui-ed, rod n ito level. A duet indi-ads diagonally. iip- `the average if liu-.tivo pressure i:-i greatly in ward from olnioiher 22 through o. in'ojeeti'on (aroused, ond, moreover, the prrssuri-,is px'- lroin litting f 2l, tirniim'itiiig at the-axis of n'i't'fil ait iiv uuu-.li more favorable time tlnui air-inlet lfii'iid a screw 3i), working.: intlie ,with-ii suiistiilntinlly .instantaneous eonihus- 4o siilriof litting 2l, nots to olosoo' olistriict' ,tion or explosion.- Th:1 explosion custom-, c55 the outlet ol'finid iluetliindalso :iets as a dieiirilvtakes pluio iii. about the di'aid-poiut,nt llei-tor to spray the-'oil :is ssuesf; Vitlvelwhic-h time the lnuwlnmisoi,is not in ronilisi'row I.) mit)l Ahave n. spring Mito liold it in tion til rmi-'lor'. tlieloroo iwailiihlo. lt is not srt positiou. 'l`he9il'iind waiteroutlrtsliotli until tho piston i`2piovod ai little from the nxteinl'or projret into-tho air-inlet, so as tzr E`illendpi'iint Vthat. the' pri-ssure lmeoines aiviiili io iillow the' lluid to drop l'ri'ieliti'iward. the! :ihlein th:-l produotion ol' power, and hy this vulve at the bottom ofsuid inlet. time, with the usual explosion or instantiinr- The outlets` ol' the oil and waterdui'fts are. ons combustion, the maximum -ol'pi'tvssuro somewhat :there the level of the oil iiiirl-iwii'l' iii'ill have posso-il, n liu-go port ol the-enirm4 5o ter lo thel respectivespplyfcllainhers, so its huvmglwvn lost hy -.ondnetion or absorption I ii5 l'i^oio. l i trxinsinifiionol thel'orri-totheinetalfliopmfts 4l 42 represent tli parking-elootrodes,l in the foriu of useless vihrutionsdu'?totho mounted in the usual manner in a plopf 43 at illetonntion; hut hr prolonging or -rttiirdiiigr tln-ooi'-r:endol'thepiissafe 6i .i f

'l.`hi .pi-,i'iitioi'ris as follows: .Vailve-e'iorowI p reoiohly from theI dead-point the power is :lil is sot to supplyV the proper quantity of oil developed nt a tiijowhrn the piston rain take ail. viii-,li suction; Valve' 33 is set tosuppli iidviintogmof it, and greater ell'oetive power tliiproper quantity of watt-.rait mieli siii-tion, muy ho produced without the production ol' vto' rrqorevsuetion rissuaneeol'lluid'thoreol4 the Iii-.nt hr tho cylinder-walls unil h5" the combustion unt-il the piston prisszis np- 'izcrf-A i 6o and vulve 29 is Het to supply enough inter to .suoli -high -toni-lnriitiireu or. pressures;v For i 25` elniniher .20 to keep the chamber l u ll uptothe, this reason willi the nlmvefzlosiorihed appuralev'i-l ol overllow, any excess paming-'oll' at'l tus it is possihle'tosiipply l'nol to the engine: the hitter. Atem-li additional stroke the air in inueli greater quimtityithn-n'would besote is drawn ii ad, inlet 1S, Yelve 17 hoing oper-A with Vthe ordinary srstiini nl' eoi'nllustion or ated hythedovee17.','and as theairfeurrentexplosion. 'lhus iivqiiant-ityY ol' oil or hiel 13o that would with an instantaneous-explosion engine produce iniurious heetinglnnd also imperfect combustion in' the explpion can with the above-described constnlttion be safely su pliedl to the engine and consumed during t without danger of 'overheating or imperfect combustion. A I.further advent e of the use ofwater-vslpor intimate] mix with the xo charge in the above-describe manner is that owing to the great heat-absorptive capacity of the water and of its vapor, the interior of the engine is kept comparatively cool, and vthe heat thee taken or withheld from the eyii 5 inder-walls ie used to advantage in increasing the elastic pressure of the mixture during the combustion and explosion. This seme fee.- ture applies with special force to the exhaustvalve and its adjacent arte for the reason zo above set forth. A fui-t er advantage is the supplier pecking effect for the piston.

het claim is 1. In an` internal-combustion en ine the combination with the cylinder rovi ed with z 5 an air-inlet extending upwardly therefrom and open et ite upper end, an oil-supply eonnection having en outlet opening into said nii` inlet and a. water-supply connection hgving f an outlet opening into the air-inlet, between 3o the oil-ou tlet and the cylinder.

2. In an internal-combustion en 'ne the combination with the cylinder provi ed with an air-inlet, an nii-'supply connection having an outlet o ening into said nir-inlet, and e water-supp y connection having an outlet opening into the nir-inlet, between the oil` outlet and the cylinder; seid water-outlet boing divided to distribute the issuing water. 3. In an internal-combustion en me the 4o combination with the cylinder provi ed with mi nir-inlet, an oil-supply connection having an outlet o ning into said oir-inlet, and n writer-simpyf connection having en outlet opening into the air-inlet, between the oiloutlet end the cylinder, sivveteisi1pplvchem` her connected to the watenoutlet, und ineens for nminteinin the water in seid chamber Vet a level below. the waiter-outlet.

4. In combination with the cylinder of en 5o iiiternninoxnbustion engine formed with a combined inlet and exhaust 'passage leaiiinrrI through the wall thereof, e casingfetteehe to the cylinder ond havin e aesage communicating with the said cy in fer-passage, seid chamber being formed with an exhaust-outlet lending from the passage therein, en annular water-chamher above seid casing and secured thereto and having an. airnseag'e formed therein, Said annular water-chamber 6 0 communicatin with seid air-pessage, an ennular oil-cheminer above and secured to the waterchamber and having an air-passage Ve longer interval of comhustien` therethrough, the said water-chamber communicetingwithsnd eirpassage, the said airending to thc passage in seid casio und Vvelves controlling seid air-inlet and't e exhaast-outlet;

5. In combination with an internal-combustion-engine cylinder having n waterjaeket and provided with e, combined inlet and exhaust assogc lending throufrh the wail of the cvlmdcr, o cosing attachedD to the cylinder an( having a passage counnunicntin with the sfiid cylinder-passage and provi ed with nn exhaust-millet, en annular Water-chamber shove and Qccured thereto. and having nn air-passage therethrough communicating into the seid casing-passage, said annuler woter-chnmhcr communicating with the said oir-passage within Suid imiter# chamber, en oil-chamber ohovc ond occured to the water-chamber, the central openingY of Said annularwater-chamber forming an air-passage comlnunicfitinfl| through thc control opening of the wntcr-chainhcr with the casing-passage, and' seid oil-chamber communicating with seid nir-passage within the same, and valves controlling the air-inlet und exhaust-outlet.

8, The combination with :mintcrlvml-combustina-engine cyiimier having n weiter jacket and n passage leading through hc wall of the c viindcr and witter-jacket, o cer:- ing attached to the cylinder ond having o passage communicating with tho cylindcrassage end provided with :1n exhaust-ontseid cnsing'end formed with mi annular wnter-ehemher und with n supply-duct lcnding thereto ,from the WMM-jacket, nml mi ovm*- iiw leading ilicreilmn, n wntcr-onilci commrmicatingwithseid\\:atcrclmlnl orondwith the Spee@ within the onmxlnr water-chamber, valves controlling said nntirp'uppljf duct find having an nmmlor oil-chamber nml n oihontlet opening into the spore within the annular fitting, and :1 vnlvc dcvicc control-` iing seid oil-outlet nml ovcrilow incline for seid oilchmnhcr,` thc spncc within the said' fittings forming en nir-inici comnmnicat'iug with the casing-passage, ond valves cont iin the air-inlet end exhaust-outlet.

" 11 testimony whereof l hovc hcrcnntoect my hand, at Los Angeles, ("oliiornin this Sth day of April, 1905.

SOLN BYRGN WllliiUhlE.

In presence iii-- GEORGE T. llAenLnr, ARTHUR i. KNiou'r.

assnges 1n seid chambers formingr en oir-inlet 1 t, an annular fitting nhovc und scoured in J with the watenjockct of the cylinder :ind

rol-

and the Said wnter-outlcnnn annular tting above and secured to the :iforcemdY htiingj 

